Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder characterized by shifts in mood, energy, and activity levels. Individuals may experience periods of depression as well as episodes of elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, impulsivity, or decreased need for sleep.

Bipolar disorder affects both adults and adolescents and can significantly disrupt relationships, work, and school if left untreated. Accurate diagnosis is essential, as treatment differs from other mood disorders.

Treatment typically includes medication management to stabilize mood, along with psychotherapy to support emotional regulation, routine development, and symptom awareness. Ongoing monitoring and consistent care are critical components of effective treatment.